Gypsum Plaster

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Posted on Wednesday, June 29, - 12:33 pm:    Writing a spec for gypsum plaster for an interior monumental stair enclosure - what should the substrate be? We have not had recent experience with gypsum plaster specs - any one able to provide some insight would be appreciated. William C. Pegues, FCSI, CCS
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Post Number: 408
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Posted on Wednesday, June 29, - 01:55 pm:    There is a wonderful little book ('paper back novel' size format) that is a great reference for plaster and drywall and covers all kinds of applications and substrate conditions. USG produces it and has for many, many years. It is titled "Th eGypsum Construction Handbook"

It talks about products as well as different methods of installation. All kinds of plaster systems are well discussed and refrenced to their own product l ines. But even without their product refrences, it is about the best single reference source I have come across.

William George A. Everding, AIA, CSI, CCS, CCCA
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Post Number: 48
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Posted on Wednesday, June 29, - 02:41 pm:    <nodding in agreement with William>... and it is available online at www.usg.com Jo Drummond, FCSI
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Username: jo_drummond

Post Number: 15
Registered: 01-
Posted on Thursday, June 30, - 08:37 pm:    Typically, traditionally, gypsum plaster can go over gypsum lath, perforated or unperforated, in 2 coats, or over metal lath in 3 coats. It is available in various hardnesses: Keene's cement, hard, being the hardest I know of.
Gyp lath is rarely used. 13 years ago, I built an addition to my house which is lath and plaster, and I insisted on the addition being the same. When the lathers came in, they put up perforated gyp lath, and put one nail in each corner, announcing that they would send an apprentice to do the rest of the nailing. As they spoke they added: He has never seen this material before. Usually he does drywall. So it doesn't happen every day, but it is still there if you want it.
A contractor will probably try to talk you into veneer plaster. But if you have curves, nothing will be as smooth and uniform as Gyp Plaster over metal lath. Ron Beard CCS
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Post Number: 62
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Posted on Friday, July 01, - 12:32 am:    FYI; from the latest CSINewsBrief:

"Best Practices
Designers put plaster back on its pedestal

After falling out of favor with designers, plaster walls are making a comeback, with traditional full-coat, as well as one-and two-coat veneer plaster wall systems particularly popular. Some designers like the monolithic look that can be achieved with plaster, but the versatility in texture and long-term durability are also popular features, an expert says."
< http://www.buildings.com/Articles/detailBuildings.asp?ArticleID=> Tracy Van Niel
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Posted on Friday, July 01, - 09:39 am:    Depending on what your monumental stair looks like, you might even consider using two layers of 1/2 inch gypsum board and skim coating the entire surface (like for a level 5 finish). We were considering using gypsum plaster in a high quality level boardroom on a barrel type ceiling. The contractor we talked to about the ceiling suggested that we might consider the two layers of 1/2 inch gypsum board with the skim coat instead of the gypsum plaster system so that's what ended up getting specified. It turned out great and was a less expensive system as well. J. Peter Jordan
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Username: jpjordan

Post Number: 94
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Posted on Friday, July 01, - 11:52 am:    I have used veneer plaster in Georgia, Hawaii, and Texas for more than 35 years. It is possible to get smooth curves with veneer plaster, you just have to get the right mechanic. I would suggest that if you can't get the level of work you are looking for in "standard" plaster work on metal or gypsum lath, you probably won't get it with veneer plaster.

Several people have mentioned veneer plaster over "gypsum board". The most correct term, I believe, is veneer plaster base. This has a blue paper facing which is designed to go with the veneer plaster finish. If you use one of the other gypsum board products (backing board, regular board, or MR board), you will not get the same performance (or the same backup from the veneer plaster manufacturer when something goes wrong). All of this is documented in the above cited references.

I had a situation about 5 or 6 years ago where the Contractor was having a hard time getting "blue board." The installer proposed using regular gypsum board with some sort of adhesive/bonding agent applied over the board before application of the plaster. When I asked the USG rep about this, there was one of those long pauses at the other end of the and a deep breath before a strong recommendation that this option not be taken. John Bunzick, CCS, CCCA
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Username: bunzick

Post Number: 374
Registered: 03-
Posted on Tuesday, July 05, - 09:04 am:    Veneer plaster is extremely popular here in New England for a superior finish. It is even commonly used in home renovations--like my kitchen--at least in part because of speed. (In my house, two rooms and a stairwell were done in two days: one to hang rock, one to plaster. I used to use it in supermarket renovations where an entire remodel project could be accomplished overnight. No repeat trips for sanding etc.) Peter is correct, with veneer plaster, you must use veneer plaster base or the system will fail. I also agree with Peter, you need the mechanics to do a good job. Maybe there's some plasterers here in New England who'd like a trip to wherever that project is...

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The home-building and remodeling industry has seen many construction materials utilized to improve a building&#;s functioning and aesthetic appeal. Gypsum board is one such product.

What is a Gypsum Board?
A collection of panel goods is referred to as &#;gypsum board.&#; These have a non-combustible gypsum core with paper surfacing front, back, and long edges. The term &#;gypsum panel products&#; refers to the various gypsum boards used in building and construction. The basis of all gypsum board products is gypsum, but the surface can be wrapped in various materials, including paper and fiberglass matting.

Drywall, wallboard, and plasterboard are used to describe gypsum boards. They differ from other panel-type shelters, and road and building products, such as plywood, hardboard, and fiberboard, due to their non-combustible core and paper facers. Gypsum wallboard creates a continuous surface suited for various interior design projects, both residential and commercial when their seams and fastener heads are covered with a joint compound system.

Properties of Gypsum Board:
1. Gypsum Is Fire-Resistant:
Gypsum boards are fire resistant and safeguard the structure from fire threats by preventing the fire from spreading further. Due to chemically bound water in the gypsum, it possesses a fire-resistant quality. When gypsum boards are exposed to fire, the water contained within the gypsum evaporates, forming a protective layer.

2. Thermal Properties of Gypsum:
Gypsum can regulate variables such as humidity and temperature in the home. The insulating characteristics of gypsum plasterboard or formwork used in buildings are improved.

3. Acoustic Property of Gypsum:
Sound isolation is prioritized in the design of gypsum materials. Other methods, such as masonry, would work well, as it is commonly used in a thicker thickness and is no less demanding than gypsum. Gypsum plasterboard is designed to absorb sound and reduce reverberation.. Adding an air space between two solid gypsum walls improves acoustic performance by preventing noise from passing through. For example, instead of a 110mm thick brick wall, we can use 75mm thick drywall to obtain the same sound performance.

4. Non-combustible Property of Gypsum:
The heating of gypsum products causes the water crystals in the gypsum material to heat up. Calcinations is the process of dehydrating gypsum with heat. Calcinations creates a protective layer over the components, preventing them from combusting and allowing the materials around them to retain a lower, safer temperature.
The residue will act as an insulating layer until it is separated, even after the water crystals have been entirely calcined. Because of its non-combustible quality and capacity to slow fire development for hours depending on the extent to which gypsum products are utilized, gypsum is regarded as an effective fire retarder.

Uses of Gypsum Board:

• Gypsum and glass are also utilized to make various lightweight architectural ornaments.
• .The ceilings of the buildings are similarly made of gypsum tiles.
• Partitions, lining, ceilings, roofs, and floors are made of gypsum fireboards.
• Gypsum is also used to control the setting time in cement manufacture.
• In the building of partition walls, gypsum blocks are employed.

Types of Gypsum Board:
1. Fire Resistant Gypsum Boards:

Fig 1: Fire Resistant Gypsum Boards
Courtesy: tradeindia.com

Due to the particular behavior of the gypsum core when exposed to fire, a fire-resistant gypsum board provides good fire protection in buildings. The chemically mixed water is gradually released in the form of water vapor when a fire-resistant gypsum board protects building materials exposed to fire. This situation develops when a board or gypsum finish is continuously exposed to a temperature above 49°C, this situation develops.

Uses of Fire Resistant Gypsum Boards:
When a high level of fire protection is required in ceilings and drywall, this product is ideal.

2. Water-Resistant Gypsum Board:

Fig 2: Water Resistant Gypsum Boards
Courtesy: ecpalaza.net

This type has water-repellent face paper and a water-resistant gypsum core. It can be used as a foundation for wall tiles in bathtubs, showers, and other wet places.

Uses of Water-Resistant Gypsum Boards:

• In wet spaces like bathrooms and kitchens, it&#;s best for both ceiling and drywall partitions.
• In sheltered locations, it&#;s used as a base for external soffits.
• Interior walls and ceilings in residential and commercial buildings are covered with this material.
• Also, specialized moisture or water-related assembly is required.

3. Backing Gypsum Board:
The backing gypsum comprises various layers in the construction process, where several layers of gypsum boards are utilized as a soundproofing material to give the walls strength and fire resistance. Walls and ceilings are covered with backing gypsum boards, also used for self-leveling screeds.

Fig 3: Backing Gypsum Boards
Courtesy: connect2india.com

Uses of Backing Gypsum Boards:

• For the walls and ceilings.
• gypsum-based fiberboard
• Partitions and tiles made of gypsum plaster blocks
• Screeds with self-leveling properties.

4. Drywall White Board:

Fig 4: Drywall White Boards
Courtesy: zmartbuild.com

Drywall is made out of thin gypsum board panels used to build walls. The board comprises two layers of special paper with a layer of gypsum rock sandwiched between them. Drywall is a far more efficient form of a building than applying wet plaster to a gypsum lath, which was once standard.

Uses of Drywall White Boards:

• It&#;s also used as a tile backer in wet conditions, including in bathrooms, water closets, basement walls, kitchens, and laundry and utility rooms.
• It is moisture-resistant and has a strong resistance power.

Advantages of Gypsum Board:

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• Gypsum is also used in plaster to provide a smooth, crack-free surface. Gypsum boards give a smooth, continuous surface to which you can apply paint directly.
• Gypsum has the property of balancing the building&#;s indoor temperature and humidity. Gypsum is a low-emission building material that provides excellent thermal and acoustic insulation.
• The use of gypsum goods within the budget boosts the creativity of architects. It offers a wide range of attractive design options.
• The gypsum products are simple to install and do not necessitate the use of trained staff. The installation is simple, clean, and quick.
• The gypsum plaster does not need to be painted, and it can be utilized as a final finish. It provides the surface of the wall with a lovely white sheen.
• A wide range of gypsum products is available to meet a variety of practical and aesthetic needs.

Disadvantages of Gypsum Board:

• It&#;s a hassle to keep the temperature consistent for both the mechanical and adhesive applications of gypsum board.
• Maintain adequate ventilation in the working area during the installation and cure process.
• Although it is not required, always read the manufacturer&#;s instructions for temperature control during the joint treatment, texturing, and ornamentation.
• The risk of exposing the gypsum board to high temperatures is substantial.
• Never use gypsum board in areas where moisture is present in large amounts or regularly.

Conclusion
Gypsum board has a variety of qualities that make it one of the greatest building materials for interior design. Gypsum materials can be used for various construction projects depending on your needs. Designers should know the sort of gypsum board to use because it can reduce the cost of a building while also improving its quality.

References
1. What Is Gypsum? | Types of Gypsum Products | Properties of Gypsum | Uses of Gypsum | Advantages & Disadvantages of Gypsum. (, July 20). 9To5Civil; 9to5civil.com. https://9to5civil.com/gypsum/
2. Gundaraniya, N. (, January 5). What Is Gypsum Boards? | Properties of Gypsum Board | Types of Gypsum Board | Advantages & Disadvantages of Gypsum Board. CivilJungle; civiljungle.com. https://civiljungle.com/gypsum-boards/
3. La nouvelle agence, G.-. (, June 3). Gypsum Board &#; Uses and Benefits | Gyproc Malaysia. Gyproc Malaysia; www.gyproc.my. https://www.gyproc.my/blog/gypsum-board-uses-and-benefits
4. The different types of gypsum boards and their uses &#; Knauf Tanzania. (, February 19). Knauf Tanzania; knauf.co.tz. https://knauf.co.tz/the-different-types-of-gypsum-boards-and-their-uses/
5. Mahajan, B. (, July 17). What Is Gypsum Board | Properties Of Gypsum Board | Application Of Gypsum Board | Types Of Gypsum Board. Civiconcepts; civiconcepts.com.
6. Megaturk. (, April 22). Gypsum Board Types &#; Board & Wall Co. Drywall Turkey. Board & Wall Co. Drywall Turkey; www.boardandwall.com. https://www.boardandwall.com/gypsum-board-types/

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Kanwarjot Singh

Kanwarjot Singh is the founder of Civil Engineering Portal, a leading civil engineering website which has been awarded as the best online publication by CIDC. He did his BE civil from Thapar University, Patiala and has been working on this website with his team of Civil Engineers.

Kanwarjot Singh is the founder of Civil Engineering Portal, a leading civil engineering website which has been awarded as the best online publication by CIDC. He did his BE civil from Thapar University, Patiala and has been working on this website with his team of Civil Engineers.

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